In the video below, you can see how Google put together their liquid cooling system.įor home or office servers, there likely won’t be extreme thermal demands. Water cooling allows a higher density of processing units and therefor, more power in a single server. Liquid cooling is difficult to implement and mostly used by companies that demand high computing performance like Google and high frequency trading firms. With improved efficiency comes intricacy. That heat sync transfers the heat to the liquid, which is then pumped back out to the chiller to be cooled once again. This type of cooling works by pumping chilled liquid onto a heat sync. Liquid cooling can be an extremely effective way to manage heat in individual pieces of equipment or in the server rack as a whole. Above the ceiling, hot air is pushed into exhausts and into a CRAH (Computer Room Air Handler) which uses fans and chilled water to remove heat. Below the floor, air is recycled and pushed through floor tiles into cold aisles. In a data center, professionals take advantage of raised floors and very high ceilings to separate hot and cold air. At minimum, you will want a dedicated AC unit for your server unit and some sort of method to remove exhaust air. Because server rooms generate heat indoors in a unique way, these systems can become very expensive. HVAC, or Heating, Ventilation and Air Cooling systems include all equipment that controls the environment of a home or business. Some are available at a cheaper price but will have significantly less features. The cost comes from their ability to completely cool a server while remaining quiet. ![]() These can get very expensive, with even a 12U rack costing around $4000. The ultimate way to manage server noise is to use an acoustic rack. Fans rated around 30db are on the quieter side while fans over 65db are likely to be irritating. If you have multiple fans, the decibels do not stack linearly, so instead of a 70db fan running with another 70db fan, the total will be around 73db rather than 140db. Check the decibel rating of your fans in order to determine how loud they will be in your room. In the home, noise levels will depend on the quality of equipment that you choose to cool your rack and server room with. In data centers, the best way to counter noise is to keep equipment in separate rooms unless it need to be together. Hearing damage can occur from as low as 85 decibels, which is around the average volume of a data center. Still, blanking panels are great for managing airflow and maintaining good circulation. If there is open space in a server, instead of using blanking panels to fill space, one can use a rack fan to help move air out of the rack. This might be better in a situation where pushing air upwards would risk recirculating warm air back into a cooled area. Though, rather than pushing air up or down, it pushes it out of the back. Horizontal rack fans also move heat out of a server when hot spots are building. This is where you would place a fan tray to get air moving around and stop excess heat. For instance, if there is no equipment at the top of an enclosed rack, that area can become hot due to low circulation. Fan Traysįan trays are used to help move heat out of a rack and are mounted wherever a hot spot might exist. Additionally, server rack fans can ensure that airflow is directed into all of the right places. From there, return ducts can pull the warm air into a return plenum where a CRAH (computer room air handler) chills air and directs into areas that are cooled. This typically means blowing all the warm air out the back of the rack and directing it up and out toward the ceiling. Planning out airflow for a server rack is done so that all the equipment can move in cool air from one side, and have it flow out of the rack. Since a rack essentially contains multiple computers, it is not only important to manage airflow in each device but in the rack itself. ![]() Like a home computer, servers have intakes and exhausts, bringing cool air in from one side and hot air out of the other. Managing heat in a server can help cool down a room, lower electric bills or prevent a server from crashing. Why is Airflow So Important for Server Cooling? Choosing the right type of fans and positioning them properly allows data center managers to bring cool air in from the right places and push the hot air to where it needs to go. Server racks are designed to help manage airflow and keep the temperature at operating specifications. Server cooling presents challenges unique to the environment that a rack is in.
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